
COMPLEX PARTICIPATORY RECONSTRUCTION
OF URBAN STRUCTURES
Co-funded by the
Erasmus+ Programme
of the European Union

This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This communication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
PROJECT RESULTS AND OUTCOMES
The ComPaRe project generated a range of tangible and intangible results that contribute significantly to the understanding, teaching, and practice of holistic post-disaster reconstruction.
At the center of the project stands the Manual for Study Programmes on the Reconstruction of Destroyed Urban Structures, the final intellectual output synthesizing the project’s interdisciplinary work. The Manual offers a coherent framework for approaching reconstruction in a way that is technically informed, culturally sensitive, and socially inclusive. It is intended as a resource for educators, researchers, and practitioners, supporting the evolution of a new reconstruction culture.
Among the core outcomes was the development of interdisciplinary methodologies that connect architecture, engineering, urban planning, cultural heritage, and social sciences. These were tested and refined through joint staff training events, student workshops, and intensive teaching programs. The project created a strong base of content, methods, and pedagogical tools, forming the backbone of a transferable educational structure that can support future curriculum development in higher education.
Another major result was the application of digital technologies to survey, document, and visualize postdisaster conditions. Laser scanning, drone photogrammetry, and interactive mapping techniques were employed to generate 3D and BIM models that help represent both the physical damage and the cultural memory embedded in affected areas. These tools, developed and tested in real-life environments, demonstrated the potential of digital environments to inform decision-making and community dialogue around reconstruction.
A distinctive aspect of ComPaRe was its emphasis on community involvement and participatory processes. Fieldwork in the case study of Accumoli involved international students, educators, local stakeholders, and residents in workshops and surveys that examined not only physical loss but also social and cultural disruption. Students developed scenario-based approaches to reconstruction, grounded in local needs and informed by historical and cultural context. These activities deepened participants’ understanding of the intangible dimensions of destruction and recovery, while also raising awareness in the local community about inclusive and sustainable reconstruction strategies.
An important result was the development of a database of images and local knowledge related to Accumoli, combining historical documentation, community-contributed content, and digital surveys. This evolving repository offers valuable insights into the town’s past and present, and serves both as a memory archive and as a resource for planning and education.
Although no formal policy guidelines were adopted, project results—particularly from the Accumoli case study—were shared with local authorities and stakeholders as contributions to ongoing discussions about the area’s future. This created opportunities for dialogue between citizens, experts, and institutional actors, and offered new perspectives on integrating community voices into reconstruction processes.
The project also strengthened collaboration between academic and professional institutions across disciplines and countries. It fostered international exchange, built new capacities among educators and students, and promoted a shared understanding of the complexity of reconstruction challenges. In doing so, ComPaRe contributed to the foundation of a future School of Reconstruction—envisioned as a platform for sustained teaching, research, and public engagement in post-disaster recovery.
In summary, ComPaRe produced a combination of concrete outputs (the Manual, digital models, image and knowledge database, teaching materials) and lasting results (new skills, knowledge, institutional cooperation, and heightened community awareness), offering a robust and transferable approach to reconstruction that balances technological innovation with cultural and social sensitivity.
IO3 Implementation Manual for Study Programmes
on Reconstruction of Destroyed Urban Structures

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The Manual for Study Programmes on the Reconstruction of Destroyed Urban Structures represents the third and final intellectual output (IO3) of the ComPaRe project. It consolidates the project’s interdisciplinary achievements into a comprehensive and accessible resource. Developed collaboratively by all partner institutions, the manual offers a structured and holistic framework for approaching the complex task of post-disaster urban reconstruction—technically, culturally, and socially.
Titled The ComPaRe Manual for a Holistic Approach to Reconstruction after Natural/Man-Made Disasters, the publication addresses a broad audience of educators, students, researchers, planners, and practitioners involved in heritage protection and urban resilience. The manual synthesizes methodologies tested and refined during the project’s workshops, field activities, and academic exchanges. Its content draws directly on real case studies, including Accumoli (Italy) and Hrušky (Czech Republic), where post-disaster reconstruction required a balance of historical authenticity, sustainability, and civic engagement.
Structured as both a digital hypertext and a printable resource, the manual is organized into clearly navigable sections addressing core themes such as participatory planning, damage assessment, heritage evaluation, and the use of advanced digital tools like 3D scanning, VR, and digital twins. Its innovative design enhances usability for both online and offline use, reflecting the project’s commitment to accessibility and long-term relevance.
As an open-access publication, the manual is freely available through the ComPaRe project website (compare-erasmus.eu), partner university platforms, and the Erasmus+ Project Results Platform. Its wide dissemination supports the Erasmus+ priority of open knowledge sharing and fosters continued collaboration beyond the original project partnership. The manual is already being used as a reference in higher education contexts and as a tool for community dialogue and professional practice.
By integrating technological innovation with cultural sensibility and participatory principles, the manual contributes to the emergence of a new reconstruction culture in Europe—one that prioritizes people, place, and memory. It not only reflects the project’s legacy but actively promotes the adaptation and replication of its methods in diverse local and international contexts.
IO2 Design and Testing of the Educational Programme
on Complex Participatory Reconstruction of Destroyed Urban Structures

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The development of a curriculum on holistic reconstruction after natural and man-made disasters was a central outcome of the ComPaRe project. Designed to address both theoretical and practical aspects of post-disaster reconstruction, the curriculum reflects the project's interdisciplinary and participatory approach. It serves as a foundational educational tool aimed at integrating topics such as cultural heritage preservation, sustainable urban planning, community engagement, and digital reconstruction methods into higher education.
The curriculum was created through close collaboration among partner universities and was informed by the findings of fieldwork, workshops, and expert consultations carried out during the project. Its structure is modular and flexible, enabling its integration into various existing courses or as the basis for standalone programmes at the undergraduate or postgraduate level. The content is rooted in real case studies, such as the town of Accumoli in Italy and the village of Hrušky in the Czech Republic, providing students with practical, site-based learning experiences.
The curriculum covers key thematic areas including the assessment of damage and loss, participatory planning and mapping, use of digital tools (e.g., photogrammetry, 3D/BIM modelling, VR/AR), and strategies for balancing heritage values with contemporary needs. By combining lectures, seminars, fieldwork, and hands-on digital training, the curriculum fosters a transdisciplinary learning environment.
It has already been piloted in courses at partner institutions such as Masaryk University, STU Bratislava, UWK Krems, UNICAM, and BME Budapest, where students engaged directly with project methodologies and tools. Feedback from students has been overwhelmingly positive, as reflected in course evaluations, and confirms the curriculum’s relevance and innovation in addressing real-world challenges through education.
The curriculum is freely accessible on the project website, Erasmus+ Project Results Platform and partner university platforms, in line with Erasmus+ open access principles. It also complements the project’s other intellectual outputs, particularly the Manual (IO3), by offering a structured pathway for the practical application of its concepts in teaching and learning contexts. Through this, the curriculum contributes to long-term capacity building in the fields of cultural heritage, disaster recovery, and participatory urban planning.
IO1 Knowledge Basis for Transdisciplinary Educationon
on Holistic Reconstruction of Destroyed Urban Structures

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Intellectual Output 1 laid the foundation for the ComPaRe project’s integrated and interdisciplinary approach to reconstruction after disasters. It focused on developing structured knowledge, methodologies, and tools applicable in both academic and professional contexts, using the historic town of Accumoli (Italy) — severely damaged in the 2016 earthquake — as a central case study.
Led by Sapienza University of Rome, with the active participation of all partners, the case study was initiated with a shared methodological framework introduced during the project’s Kick-Off Meeting and formalized during the C1 Workshop on Mapping and Documentation. From this point, students and staff engaged in semester-long field and desk research activities that culminated in the C2 and C3 Intensive Programs, which applied the jointly developed methods directly on-site in Accumoli.
The methodology integrated community engagement, historical research, and advanced documentation technologies. In cooperation with local citizens and stakeholders, the project team collected personal narratives and documents, many of which replaced lost official records. These materials were complemented by data gathered from web sources, institutional archives, on-site visual surveys, and high-resolution instrumental surveys using drone photogrammetry and laser scanning.
The outputs of IO1 serve multiple functions: guiding reconstruction at both urban and architectural levels, supporting resilient design practices in line with “Build Back Better” principles, and preserving the intangible heritage and memory of the affected community. Beyond its technical contributions, IO1 plays an important symbolic and educational role. It represents how academic collaboration, citizen involvement, and technological innovation can jointly contribute to disaster recovery. The case study not only supports the practical rebuilding of a destroyed place but also reinforces cultural continuity and social healing.The knowledge and tools developed through IO1 directly feed into the creation of the ComPaRe Curriculum (IO2) and the Manual (IO3), ensuring that this output continues to support transdisciplinary education and practice in Europe and beyond.
Videomaterial from the ComPaRe Project
Videolectures on history of cities and catastrophies as additional results of the project ComPaRe
Ani and its Hinterland - Human, Natural or Political Catastrophies?
Lecture by Ivan Foletti, Masaryk University, Brno
From Destruction to Construction - Natural Catastrophes and Making in Sixteenth-century Bologna
Lecture by Saida Bondini, Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz, Max-Planck Institut
Overcoming Trauma through Collective Ritual - Constantinopole (5th-6th c. CE)
Lecture by Adrien Palladino, Masaryk University, Brno
Art History in the Post-Catastrophic City - Reconstruction of Destroyed Cities - History, Mapping and Documentation
Lecture by Elisabetta Scirocco, Bibliotheca Hertiziana, Max Planck Institute for Art History
Destruction as a Chance - Great Fires in Prague (1541), Olomouc (1709), and Pardubice (1507, 1538) as Turning Points of Renaissance and Baroque Urban Development
Lecture by Ondřej Jakubec, Masaryk University, Brno